In many regions of Oman, different forms of coastal settlements dating back to the very beginning of human civilisation including the Stone Age, has been discovered, and archaeological evidence has confirmed the existence of such settlements.

The discovery of agriculture, animal breeding and production such as spinning, weaving, pottery and the making of metal tools, followed by the spread of the copper mining industry and trading with other countries like Mesopotamia, India and China, have chronicled Oman's strategic role through the pages of history in to modern times.